Svensk Kirurgi 4-15
194 SVENSK KIRURGI • VOLYM 73 • NR 4 • 2015 Översiktsartikel acceptera ett nytt test 26 som ersätter cystoskopin. Sammanfattningsvis har hematuri diagnostiken förändrats från känsli- gare test till okänsligare till skillnad från vad som gäller de flesta medi cinska test som används idag. Genom att fokusera på högrisk gruppen, det vill säga de med makrohematuri, finns förutsättningar till en snabbare och bättre diagnostik. I realitete- ten har detta inte skett eftersom ett annat urologisk test, PSA, massivt introducerats utan bevisad nytta för screening och tagit stora urologiska resurser i anspråk. I och med den nya cancerstrategin och introduktionen av standardiserade vårdförlopp har hematuridiagnostiken ånyo kommit i fokus. Referenser 1. Malmström P-U. Hematuri hos vuxna. Damber JE, Peeker R, (Red). Urologi. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 2006. 2. Pompeius R, Fex G, Mattiasson I, Malm- kvist I, Trell E, Laurell P. [Screening for hematuria in younger people does not outweigh the cost]. Läkartidningen. 1984;81:545-7. 3. Bangma CH, Loeb S, Busstra M, Zhu X, El Bouazzaoui S, Refos J, Van Der Keur KA, Tjin S, Franken CG, van Leenders GJ, Zwarthoff EC, Roobol MJ. Outcomes of a bladder cancer screening program using home hematuria testing and mole- cularmarkers. Eur Urol. 2013;64:41-7. 4. Steiner H, Bergmeister M, Verdorfer I, Granig T, Mikuz G, Bartsch G, Stoehr B, Brunner A. Early results of bladder-cancer screening in a high-risk population of heavy smokers. BJU Int. 2008;102:291-6. 5. Pesch B, Nasterlack M, Eberle F, Bonberg N, Taeger D, Leng G, Feil G, Johnen G, Ickstadt K, Kluckert M, Wellhäusser H, Stenzl A, Brüning T; UroScreen Group. The role of haematuria in bladder cancer screening among men with former occu- pational exposure to aromatic amines. BJU Int. 2011;108:546-52. 6. Bove P, Kaplan D, Dalrymple N, et al. Reexamining the value of hematuria testing in patients with acute flank pain. J Urol 1999;162:685–7. 7. Köhler C, Varenhorst E. Mikroskopisk hematuri hos vuxna – ett diagnostiskt dilemma. Läkartidningen. 1999;96:4911-6. 8. Hematuri. State of The Art. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen; 2002. http://www.urologi . org/sota/2002-123-38/2002-123-38.pdf 9. Malmström P-U. Dags sluta mikro- hematuritesta vuxna. Läkartidningen. 2003;100:3598-9. 10. Krogsbøll LT, Juhl Jørgensen K, Gøtzsche PC. Screening with urinary dipsticks for reducing morbidity and mortality. First published: 27 January 2015 Cochrane DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010007.Pub2. 11. Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, Castle EP, Lang EK, Leveillee RJ, Messing EM, Miller SD, Peterson AC, Turk TM, Weitzel W; American Urological Associa- tion. Diagnosis, evaluation and follow- up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2012;188:2473-81. 12. Jones R, Latinovic R, Charlton J, Gul- liford MC. Alarm symptoms in early diagnosis of cancer in primary care: cohort study using General Practice Research Database. BMJ 2007;334:1040 13. Bruyninckx R, Buntinx F, Aertgeerts B, Van Casteren V. The diagnostic value of macroscopic haematuria for the diagnosis of urological cancer in general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2003;53:31–5. 14. Boman H, Hedelin H, Holmäng S. The results of routine evaluation of adult patients with haematuria analysed accor- ding to referral form information with 2-year follow-up. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2001;35:497-501. 15. Avidor Y, Nadu A, Matzkin H. Clinical significance of gross hematuria and its evaluation in patients receiving anticoa- gulant and aspirin treatment. Urology. 2000;55:22-4. 16. Vasdev N, Thorpe AC. Should the pre- sence of a culture positive urinary tract infection exclude patients from rapid eva- luation hematuria protocols? Urol Oncol. 2013;31:909-13. 17. Rasmussen OO, Andersen J, Olesen E, et al. Recurrent unexplained haema- turia and risk of urological cancer. A follow-up study. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1988;22:335-7. 18. Hansen RP, Vedsted P, Sokolowski I, et al. Time intervals from first symptom to treatment of cancer: a cohort study of 2,212 newly diagnosed cancer patients. BMC Health Serv Res. 2011;11:284. 19. Månsson A, Anderson H, Colleen S. Time lag to diagnosis of bladder cancer – influ- ence of psychosocial parameters and level of health--care provision. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1993;27:363-9. 20. Wallace DM, Bryan RT, Dunn JA, et al. Delay and survival in bladder cancer. BJU Int. 2002;89:868-78. 21. Liedberg F, Anderson H, Månsson A, Månsson W. Diagnostic delay and prog- nosis in invasive bladder cancer. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2003;37:396-400. 22. Ooi WL, Lee F, Wallace DM, et al. ’One stop’ haematuria clinic in Fremantle Hos- pital, Western Australia: a report of the first 500 patients. BJU Int. 2011;108:62-6. 23. Liedberg F, Holmäng S, Hosseini A, Ljungberg B, Malmström PU, Jahnson S. Snabba åtgärder vid makrohematuri både angelägna och möjliga. Läkartidningen. 2012;109:1034-5. 24. Helenius M, Brekkan E, Dahlman P, Lönnemark M, Magnusson A. Bladder cancer detection in patients with gross haematuria: Computed tomography uro- graphy with enhancement-triggered scan versus flexible cystoscopy. Scand J Urol. 2015;20:1-5. 25. Blick CG, Nazir SA, Mallett S, et al. Eva- luation of diagnostic strategies for bladder cancer using computed tomography (CT) urography, flexible cystoscopy and voided urine cytology: results for 778 patients from a hospital haematuria clinic. BJU Int. 2012;110:84-94. 26. Yossepowitch O, Herr HW, Donat SM. Use of urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer surveillance: patient perspectives. J Urol. 2007;177:1277-82. Hematuritelefonen.
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